13711-54020 Engine Intake Exhaust Valve for Toyota 3L

Types of Engine Valves

Apart from engine valves being classified by function (intake versus exhaust), there are various types of engine valves based on design and materials. The following are the most common types of engine valves:

Monometallic engine valves
Bimetallic engine valves
Hollow engine valves
Monometallic engine valves are made of a single material that is used to make both the valve stem and the valve head. These engine valves have strong heat resistance as well as excellent anti-friction properties.

Bimetallic engine valves, also called bimetal engine valves, are created by friction welding two distinct materials together to make a valve with austenitic steel on the valve head and martensitic steel on the valve stem. The austenitic steel on the valve head provides high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, while the martensitic steel on the valve stem provides high tensile strength and abrasive wear resistance.

Hollow Engine Intake Exhaust Valve are a type of bimetallic valve that has a sodium-filled hollow chamber. As the valve temperature rises, the sodium liquefies and is circulated by the valve`s motion, which helps disperse heat from the hotter valve head. Because the martensitic stem material conducts heat better than the austenitic head material, the hollow shape allows for more heat transfer through the stem than solid valves. Hollow valves are particularly well adapted to current engines, which require more power from smaller, denser engine designs with higher exhaust gas temperatures than solid valves can handle.

Several factors contribute to the higher exhaust temperatures, including:

A goal to diminish greenhouse gas emissions by using a lean-burn combustion technique
Higher compression ratios and higher combustion pressures in engine designs provide greater efficiency.
Integrated manifold designs with turbocharger support for increased engine performance from smaller engines
There are a variety of Engine Valve designs to choose from. Sleeve valves are made up of a tube or sleeve that sits between the cylinder wall and the piston, and they slide or rotate like other engine valves thanks to a camshaft. The sleeve valve`s movement enables ports cut into the sleeve to align with similar ports in the cylinder wall at certain moments during the engine cycle, acting as a basic engine intake and exhaust valve without the complications of rocker arms and lifters.

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