Ndife akatswiri pazigawo za injini zapamwamba kwambiri.
Chilankhulo
Mphete za pistoni ndi mphete zachitsulo zomwe zimayikidwa m'mizere ya pistoni. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mphete za pistoni: mphete zophatikizira ndi mphete zamafuta. Mphete yopondereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza chisakanizo choyaka moto muchipinda choyaka; mphete yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mafuta ochulukirapo mu silinda.
Mphete za pistoni ndi mphete zachitsulo zomwe zimayikidwa m'mizere ya pistoni. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mphete za pistoni: mphete zophatikizira ndi mphete zamafuta. Mphete yopondereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusindikiza chisakanizo choyaka moto muchipinda choyaka; mphete yamafuta imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa mafuta ochulukirapo mu silinda.
Mphete ya pisitoni ndi mphete yachitsulo yotanuka yokhala ndi mawonekedwe akulu okulirapo akunja, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa munjira ya annular yogwirizana ndi gawo la mtanda. Mphete za pistoni zobwerezabwereza komanso zozungulira zimadalira kusiyana kwa mpweya kapena madzi kuti apange chisindikizo pakati pa kunja kozungulira pamwamba pa mphete ndi silinda ndi mbali imodzi ya mphete ndi poyambira mphete. Pakati pa mbali za injini, udindo wa mphete ya pistoni ndi wochenjera kwambiri, ndipo kuwonongeka pang'ono kumakhudza ntchito ya injini yonse. Lero, ndilankhula za mphete ya pistoni.
Kodi kusiyana katatu ndi chiyani?
Mphete ya pisitoni imagwira ntchito m'malo otentha kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri, kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kusapaka mafuta bwino, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yopumira mpweya, kupukuta mafuta ndi ntchito yoyendetsa kutentha, osati kutsimikizira kusindikiza kwake, komanso kuletsa mphete ya pisitoni kuti isatsekedwe mu mphete. poyambira ndi silinda, kotero zilolezo zitatu ziyenera kusiyidwa mukayika mphete ya pistoni.
Pali mipata itatu yoyezedwa pamene mphete ya pistoni imayikidwa, yomwe imatchedwa mipata itatu ya mphete ya pistoni, imodzi ndi yotsegula (pakamwa pakamwa), ina ndi kusiyana kwa axial (mbali ya mbali), ndipo yachitatu ndi. kusiyana kwa radial (msana wammbuyo), womwe umadziwikanso kuti kusiyana komaliza. , chilolezo cham'mbali, chilolezo chakumbuyo. Tsopano tiyeni tiwuze njira yoyezera mphete ya piston katatu:
Kuyeza kwa kusiyana komaliza
Mpata womalizira ndi kusiyana komwe kumatsegulira pambuyo poti mphete ya pisitoni itayikidwa mu silinda kuti mphete ya pistoni isamangidwe pambuyo pakukula kwamafuta. Mukayang'ana kumapeto kwa mphete ya pisitoni, ikani mphete ya pistoni mu silinda lathyathyathya, ikani pansi ndi pamwamba pa pisitoni, ndiyeno yezani malo otsegulira ndi geji yolimba, nthawi zambiri 0.25 ~ 0.50mm. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu kogwira ntchito kwa mphete yoyamba, kusiyana kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa mphete zina.
Kuyeza kwa backlash
Backlash imatanthawuza kutuluka kumtunda ndi kumunsi kwa mphete ya pistoni mumphepete mwa mphete. Ngati chilolezo cham'mbali chili chachikulu kwambiri, kusindikiza kwa pistoni kumakhudzidwa. Ngati chilolezo chakumbali ndi chaching'ono kwambiri, mphete ya pistoni imakakamira mu ring groove. Poyeza, ikani mphete ya pistoni mu nkhokwe ya mphete ndikuyesa ndi geji yokhuthala. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri kwa mphete yoyamba, mtengo wake ndi 0.04 ~ 0.10mm, ndipo mphete zina za gasi nthawi zambiri zimakhala 0.03 ~ 0.07mm. Chilolezocho ndi chaching'ono, nthawi zambiri 0.025 ~ 0.07mm, ndipo mphete yamafuta yophatikizidwa ilibe chilolezo chakumbali.
Kuyeza kwa backlash
Backlash imatanthawuza kusiyana pakati pa kumbuyo kwa mphete ya pistoni ndi pansi pa piston ring groove pisitoni itayikidwa mu silinda. Nthawi zambiri amawonetsedwa ndi kusiyana pakati pa kuya kwa poyambira ndi makulidwe a mphete, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala 0.30 ~ 0.40mm. Kubwereranso kwa mphete zamafuta wamba kumakhala kwakukulu. Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndikuyika mphete ya pistoni mumphepo ya mphete, ngati ili yotsika kuposa malo a mphete, ndiyoyenera kuzungulira momasuka osamva kuyimilira.
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